Senin, 25 Mei 2009

FPSO 2


There are two main types of FPSOs, the converted Oil tanker option or the purpose built option. These might be disconnectable or permanently moored. The FPSO design will depend on the area of operation. In benign waters the FPSO may have a simple shape or it may be a converted tanker. Often an external Turret is applied in such areas e.g. West-Africa.

All ship-shaped FPSOs in the North Sea are purpose built and most are permanently moored. FPSOs may also be Semi-Submersible type platforms with storage or cylindrically shaped. These are moored in fixed orientation. An FPSO has the capability to carry out some form of oil separation process obviating the need for such facilities to be located on an oil platform. Partial separation may still be done on the oil platform to increase the oil capacity of the pipeline(s) to the FPSO

FPSO


A Floating Production, Storage and Offloading vessel (FPSO; also called a "unit" and a "system") is a type of floating tank system used by the offshore oil and gas industry and designed to take all of the oil or gas produced from nearby platforms or templates, process it, and store it until the oil or gas can be offloaded onto a tanker or transported through a pipeline.

Working principles
Oil produced from offshore production platforms can be transported to the mainland either by pipeline or by tanker. When a tanker solution is chosen, it is necessary to accumulate oil in some form of tank such that an oil tanker is not continuously occupied while sufficient oil is being produced to fill the tanker. Often the solution is a decommissioned oil tanker which has been stripped down and equipped with facilities to be connected to a mooring buoy. Oil is accumulated in the FPSO until there is sufficient amount to fill a transport tanker, at which point the transport tanker connects to the stern of the floating storage unit and offloads the oil.

Work Barge


A barge is a flat-bottomed boat, built mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. Most barges are not self-propelled and need to be towed by tugboats or pushed by towboats. Canal barges, towed by draft animals on an adjacent towpath, contended with the railway in the early industrial revolution, but were outcompeted in the carriage of high-value items due to the higher speed, falling costs, and route flexibility of rail.

Types of barges
Barracks barge, Car float, Dutch barge, Dry bulk cargo barge, Hopper barge, Jack up barge, Lighter , Liquid cargo barge, Log barge, Oil barge and Dumb steel oil barge, Pleasure barge, Power barge, Royal barge (e.g. Thailand's royal barges), Row barge, etc

FERRY PASIFIC


The ferry is a boat a short distance transportation. The ferry has an important role in the transportation system for the city's many coastal beaches, making direct transit between the second goal with a cost smaller than canal or bridge.

Various kinds of water vehicles is used as a vehicle ferry, depending on the distance of travel, tonnage, speed and the necessary conditions that must be passed by water. Hydrofoil used because the benefits go to the high-speed, replace the hovercraft. Hydrofoil also evident as a practical solution, easy, fast and economical.

VIP CRAFT


Hidrofoil is a ship with wings as part of the buffer is placed in the bottom of the hull. When the ship increase the speed, style hidrofoil produce so lambungnya lift up and out of the water. This causes a reduction in friction and therefore increases in speed. Hidrofoil initial use or wing-shaped foil-U

Hidrofoil type is known as surface-piercing as a part of this hidrofoil akan picked up on the surface of water. Hidrofoil using modern T-shaped foil of which are under the water. Hidrofoil suit better the effect is not affected by waves, so they are more stable at sea and more comfortable for the crew and passengers. However this configuration is not self-stabilize. Hidrofoil attack angle must be adjusted continuously with the conditions that continue to change, a process done by the control computer. Failure to make the correct adjustments will make the hull collide with the sea surface. Hidrofoil is a transport ship with the fastest speed of 114 km / hour.

Fast Patrol Boat for offshore


A patrol boat is a small naval vessel generally designed for coastal defense duties.
There have been many designs for patrol boats. They may be operated by a nation's navy, coast guard, or police force, and may be intended for marine (blue water) and/or estuarine or river ("brown water") environments. They are commonly found engaged in various border protection roles, including anti-smuggling, anti-piracy, fisheries patrols, and immigration law enforcement. They are also often called upon to participate in rescue operations.
They may be broadly classified as Inshore Patrol Vessels (IPVs) and Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs).

They are warships typically smaller in size than a corvette and can include fast attack craft, torpedo boats and missile boats, although some are as large as a frigate. The offshore patrol vessels are usually the smallest ship in a navy's fleet that are large and seaworthy enough to patrol off-shore in the open ocean. In larger militaries, such as in the United States military, offshore patrol vessels usually serve in the coast guard, but many smaller nations navies operate these type of ships.

Fishing Vessel


A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels are used in commercial, artisanal and recreational fishing.
According to the FAO, there are currently (2004) four million commercial fishing vessels. About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas. Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanized, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons. At the other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the undecked boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars. These boats are used by artisan fishers.
Prior to the 1950s there was little standardisation of fishing boats. Designs could vary between ports and boatyards. Traditionally boats were built out of wood, but wood is not often used now because of cost and the difficulty in obtaining suitable timber. Fiberglass is used increasingly in smaller fishing vessels up to 25 meters (100 tons), while steel is usually used on vessels above 25 meters.